Albert von Mutius

From Metapedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Albert von Mutius
Albert von Mutius (1862-1937).jpg
Birth name Louis Hugo Max Albert von Mutius
Birth date 12 September 1862(1862-09-12)
Place of birth Castle Gellenau, Kreis Glatz, Province of Silesia, Kingdom of Prussia, German Confederation
Death date 15 July 1937 (aged 74)
Place of death Bunzlau, Province of Lower Silesia, German Reich
Allegiance Germany Prussian Eagle.jpg Kingdom of Prussia
 German Empire
Service/branch War and service flag of Prussia (1895–1918).png Prussian Army
Iron Cross of the Luftstreitkräfte.png Imperial German Army
Years of service 1882–1919
Rank Lieutenant General (Generalleutnant)
Battles/wars World War I
Awards Red Eagle Order
Prussian Order of the Crown
Iron Cross
House Order of Hohenzollern
Pour le Mérite
Relations ∞ 1903 Ingeborg von Saldern

Louis Hugo Max Albert von Mutius (12 September 1862 – 15 July 1937) was a German officer of the Prussian Army and the Imperial German Army, finally Generalleutnant, divisional commander and knight of the order "Pour le Mérite" in WWI.

Military career (chronology)

Son Albrecht von Mutius (1915–1985) joined the Wehrmacht after his Abitur in 1935 and served in a reconnaissance unit and with the Kradschützen, amotorized (motorcycles), lightly armed and highly mobile infantry unit. He earned the Anschluss Medal, the Sudetenland Commemorative Medal and both classes of the Iron Cross. As a captain and leader of the Kradschützen-Bataillon 29 (29th Infantry Division) he was awarded the Certificate of Recognition of the Commander-in-Chief of the Army and the German Cross in Gold. In December 1942, he was promoted to major and was commanded to the War Academy until 1943. He would later also receive the Honour Roll Clasp (Ehrenblattspange des Heeres) for bravery before the enemy. In 1944, at the invasion front, he was wounded severely and became an American POW, being released in August 1947. After his time as a student pastor (Studentenpfarrer) in Heidelberg, he worked in military pastoral care. As military dean general (1965–1973) with the rank of major in the general staff, he was the representative of the military bishop and headed the Evangelical Church Office for the Bundeswehr. From 1973 until his death he was representative of the Evangelical Churches at the state parliament and state government in North Rhine-Westphalia (Evangelical Office). He was also dean of the Order of St. John (Johanniter-Orden).
  • 30 March 1882 Joined the 1. Schlesische Dragoner-Regiment Nr. 4 as an officer candidate
  • 13 February 1883 Commissioned in the 4th Squadron (Eskadron) in Lüben (Lower Silesia)
    • as of Rank List 1888 service in the 3rd Squadron
    • as of Rank List 1889 Regimental adjutant
  • Rank List 1891 Transferred to the Husaren-Regiment „von Schill“ (1. Schlesisches) Nr. 4 in Ohlau
    • commanded for three years to the Royal Prussian War Academy (de)
  • 1894 Commanded to the General Staff of the Army in Berlin
  • Rank List 1896 Neben-Etat Great General Staff (Großer Generalstab) in Berlin
  • Rank List 1896 Captain in the General Staff of the XV. Armeekorps in Straßburg
  • Rank List 1899 As Rittmeister commander of the 2nd Squadron/Leib-Kürassier-Regiment „Großer Kurfürst“ (Schlesisches) Nr. 1 in Breslau
  • Rank List 1901 As Captain in the General Staff of the 5th Division in Frankfurt an der Oder
  • Rank List 1904 Commanded to serve as Major in the General Staff of the Fifth Army Inspection in Karlsruhe
  • Rank List 1907 Major in the General Staff of the XVIII. Armeekorps in Frankfurt am Main
  • 6 March 1908 to 21 March 1910 Delegated with the leadership, then appointed commander (with his promotion to lieutenant colonel) of the Regiment Königs-Jäger zu Pferde Nr. 1 (King's Mounted Jäger)
  • 1910 to 1913 Chief of Staff of the XIII. (Royal Württemberg) Armee-Korps in Stuttgart
  • 1 October 1913 to 1 August 1914 Commander of the 44. Kavallerie-Brigade in Gleiwitz
  • 3 August 1914 Commander of the 23. Landwehr-Brigade
    • With this brigade he moved to the Vistula.
  • 1 September 1914 Chief of Staff of the new XXIV. Reserve-Korps
  • 22 July 1915 Commander of the 4. Garde-Infanterie-Brigade
  • 13 February 1916 Commander of the 38. Kavallerie-Brigade
  • 9 September 1916 Commander of the 9. Kavallerie-Division
  • 11 October 1916 Commander of the 7. Kavallerie-Division (Kavalleriekorps "Schmettow"/9th Army)
  • 15 April 1917 Commander of the 17. Reserve-Division (Siegfriedstellung)
    • For his division's storming of Messine and Wytschaete in April 1918, which laid the foundation for the capture of the Kemmel as part of the Fourth Battle of Ypres, Mutius was awarded the Commander's Cross of the Royal House Order of Hohenzollern with Swords.
    • 4 September 1918 He was awarded the Pour le Mérite for the defensive battle between Somme and Oise (8 to 18 August 1918), in which the 17th Reserve Division was always able to withdraw in an orderly manner and repel all enemy attacks. This was thanks to the leadership of Lieutenant General von Mutius. General der Infanterie Ernst Theodor Freiherr von Watter had recommended him for the high decoration.
  • 19 January 1919 After he had led his division back home and it had been demobilized there, von Mutius was placed at disposal of the army (de facto retired).

Family

Albert came from the noble family of Mutius. He was the son of the Prussian Rittmeister and lord of the manor of the estates Altwasser and Gellenau Hans Franz Adolf Sigismund von Mutius (1825–1883) and his wife (∞ 1851) Eleonore Emilie Gerta, née von Bethmann Hollweg (1831–1896), a daughter of the politician Moritz August von Bethmann-Hollweg, sister of politician Felix Karl Moritz von Bethmann Hollweg (1824–1900) and aunt of Reichskanzler Theobald Theodor Friedrich Alfred von Bethmann Hollweg.

Siblings

Albert had seven siblings:[1]

  • Johann "Hans" Karl August Felix (1857–1858)
  • Karl August Joseph Louis Sigismund (1859–1893), Prussian Lieutenant and Civil Servant
  • Klara Auguste Luise Elisabeth (b. 22 November 1860 in Berlin)
  • Dorothea Isabella (1863–1864)
  • Johannes Heinrich Maximilian (1865–1942), Major General in WWI
  • Theodor Hans Ferdinand (1868–1886), Cadet of the Imperial German Navy
  • Wilhelm Alexander Franz Joseph Gerhard (1872–1934), jurist and diplomat; ∞ Paris 17 June 1911 Marie Sophie Wilhelmine Mauritia von Bethmann (1880–1953), 4 children[2]

Marriage

On 3 October 1903 at the estate (Rittergut) of Klein-Mantel, Major von Mutius married his fiancée Ingeborg Armgard Marie von Saldern (b. 4 July 1880 in Klein-Mantel, Königsberg in der Neumark), daughter of Werner Kurt Aschwin von Saldern (1852–1930), jurist, landowner and member of the Reichstag. His wife died on 6 October 1945 in Rostock as a result of the inhumane consequences of the expulsion from Eastern Germany. They had six children:

  • Werner Karl Hans (1904–1940), Captain of the Wehrmacht;[3] ∞ 1931 Helene Amelie Anna von Hausen (1892–1935), 1 child; II ∞ 1936 Helene Alexandrine Elisabeth Fürstin von Lieven (1908–1989)
  • Hildegard Luise Marie Anna (1906–1976); ∞ 1930 Bruno Rudolf Ernst Alfred Sundermann
  • Franz-Joseph Berndt Aschwin Theodor (1909–1977), 1st Lieutenant of the Reichsmarine, Korvettenkapitän of the Kriegsmarine (DKiG) and Flotilla Admiral of the German Navy of the Bundeswehr
  • Olga Margarete Elisabeth Gerta (1912–2014), political scientist and Protestant theologian; ∞ 1936 Fritz Scharffenorth (1891–1949), naval officer from Danzig, 3 children
  • Siegismund Leopold Albrecht (1915–1985), officer of the Heer in WWII (DKiG), Protestant theologian, military chaplain of the Bundeswehr, Military Dean General (Major); ∞ 1939 Eleke von Veltheim (1914–1983), 3 children
  • Charlotte Armgard Gisela Eleonore (b. 9 January 1921 in Diebau, Kreis Steinau an der Oder)

Promotions

  • 30 March 1882 Fahnenjunker (Officer Candidate)
  • 13 February 1883 Sekondeleutnant (2nd Lieutenant) with Patent from 14 September 1882
  • c. 1891 Premierleutnant (1st Lieutenant)
  • 19 March 1896 Rittmeister
  • 12 September 1902 Major
  • 22 May 1909 Oberstleutnant (Lieutenant Colonel)
  • 22 April 1912 Oberst (Colonel)
  • 24 December 1914 Generalmajor (Major General)
  • 15 July 1918 Generalleutnant (Lieutenant General)

Awards and decorations

Rangliste der Königlich Preußischen Armee, 1913, p. 72

Pre-war

WWI

  • Iron Cross (1914), 2nd and 1st Class
  • Red Eagle Order, 2nd Class with Oak Leaves and Swords in June 1915
  • Prussian Order of the Crown, 2nd Class with Star and Swords in December 1916
  • Lübeck Hanseatic Cross (Lübeckisches Hanseatenkreuz; LübH/LüH) on 2 June 1917
  • House Order of Hohenzollern, Commander's Cross with Swords (HOH2⚔)
  • Pour le Mérite on 4 September 1918
  • Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918 with Swords

References

  1. ↑ Handbuch des preußischen Adels, 1893, p. 44
  2. ↑ Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Adeligen Häuser, Teil B, 1922, p. 615
  3. ↑ Hans von Mutius (b. 26 September 1904 in Karlsruhe; d. 5 November 1940 in Gravenchon, France) rests in the German war cemetery in Champigny-St. Andre; Final grave location: Block 17, Row 2, Grave 73.
  4. ↑ Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Großherzogtums Baden, 1910, p. 64
  5. ↑ Ehrenritter des Johanniterordens 1853–1918
Retrieved from "http://en.metapedia.org/m/index.php?title=Albert_von_Mutius&oldid=518981"