Maximilian von Mutius

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Maximilian von Mutius
Offizier-Stammliste des Königin Elisabeth Garde-Grenadier-Regiments Nr. 3, Max von Mutius.png
Birth name Johannes Heinrich Maximilian von Mutius
Birth date 27 January 1865(1865-01-27)
Place of birth Berlin, Province of Brandenburg, Kingdom of Prussia, German Confederation
Death date 30 January 1942 (aged 77)
Place of death Castle Gellenau, Kreis Glatz, Province of Lower Silesia, German Reich
Allegiance Germany Prussian Eagle.jpg Kingdom of Prussia
 German Empire
Service/branch War and service flag of Prussia (1895–1918).png Prussian Army
Iron Cross of the Luftstreitkräfte.png Imperial German Army
Years of service 1884–1919
Rank Major General (Generalmajor)
Battles/wars World War I
Awards Iron Cross
Order of the Red Eagle

Johannes Heinrich Maximilian "Max" von Mutius (27 January 1865 – 30 January 1942) was a German officer of the Prussian Army and the Imperial German Army, finally Generalmajor and Flügeladjutant of Kaiser Wilhelm II as well as lord of the manor of castle and estate Gellenau.

Military career (chronology)

Kaiser Wilhelm II in Switzerland, September 1912; at his side Swiss President Ludwig Forrer, Generaladjutant Hans von Plessen, Flügeladjutant Maximilian von Mutius and others.
Kaiser Wilhelm II in Switzerland, September 1912.jpg
  • 22 March 1884 Joined the Grenadier-Regiment „König Wilhelm I.“ (2. Westpreußisches) Nr. 7 as an officer candidate
  • 5 March 1889 Appointed adjutant of the 2nd Battalion
  • 19 September 1891 Transferred in the 5th Company/2nd Battalion/3. Garde-Grenadier-Regiment Königin Elisabeth in Spandau near Berlin
    • the regiment was renamed Königin Elisabeth Garde-Grenadier-Regiment Nr. 3 on 18 October 1892
  • 1 October 1893 Commanded to the War Academy for studies
  • 21 July 1896 Return to the regiment which had moved from Spandau to Charlottenburg
  • 1 April 1897 Commanded to serve in the Great General Staff (Großer Generalstab) in Berlin
  • 25 March 1899 Transferred to the General Staff of the VI. Armee-Korps
  • 18 April 1901 Transferred to the General Staff of the 2. Division
  • 13 February 1902 Transferred to the Great General Staff and appointed military attaché to the German embassy in Bucharest
  • 10 March 1904 Commander of the 8th Company/2nd Battalion/Grenadier-Regiment „König Wilhelm I.“ (2. Westpreußisches) Nr. 7 in Liegnitz
  • 19 October 1905 Transferred to the General Staff of the Army and appointed military attaché to the German embassy in Paris
    • 1907 Attended the Grand Manoeuvres of the South-West
  • 19 June 1909 Transferred to the General Staff of the IV. Armee-Korps
  • 1 September 1910 Appointed wing adjutant on duty (diensthabender Flügeladjutant) to Kaiser Wilhelm II
    • At the same time he was commander of the Castle Guard Company and a member of the General Order Commission
  • 13 February 1916 to 30 November 1917 Commander of the 4. Garde-Infanterie-Brigade as successor to his brother Albert von Mutius
  • 15 December 1917 to 21 February 1919 Commander of the 6th Infantry Division

Family

Maximilian came from the noble family of Mutius. He was the son of the Prussian Rittmeister and lord of the manor of the estates Altwasser and Gellenau Hans Franz Adolf Sigismund von Mutius (1825–1883) and his wife (∞ 1851) Eleonore Emilie Gerta, née von Bethmann Hollweg (1831–1896), a daughter of the politician Moritz August von Bethmann-Hollweg, sister of politician Felix Karl Moritz von Bethmann Hollweg (1824–1900) and aunt of Reichskanzler Theobald Theodor Friedrich Alfred von Bethmann Hollweg. Maximilian had seven siblings:[1]

  • Johann "Hans" Karl August Felix (1857–1858)
  • Karl August Joseph Louis Sigismund (1859–1893), Prussian Lieutenant and Civil Servant
  • Klara Auguste Luise Elisabeth (b. 22 November 1860 in Berlin)
  • Louis Hugo Max Albert (1862–1937), Lieutenant General in WWI
  • Dorothea Isabella (1863–1864)
  • Theodor Hans Ferdinand (1868–1886), Cadet of the Imperial German Navy
  • Wilhelm Alexander Franz Joseph Gerhard (1872–1934), jurist and diplomat; ∞ Paris 17 June 1911 Marie Sophie Wilhelmine Mauritia von Bethmann (1880–1953), 4 children[2]

Promotions

  • 22 March 1884 Fahnenjunker (Officer Candidate)
  • 14 October 1884 (Officer Cadet)
  • 16 September 1885 Sekondeleutnant (2nd Lieutenant)
  • 14 September 1893 Premierleutnant (1st Lieutenant)
  • 25 March 1899 Hauptmann (Captain)
  • 19 October 1905 Major without Patent
    • 27 January 1906 Patent received
  • 13 September 1911 Oberstleutnant (Lieutenant Colonel)
  • 22 March 1914 Oberst (Colonel)
  • 20 May 1917 Generalmajor (Major General)

Awards and decorations

  • Prussian Centenary Medal 1897 (Zentenarmedaille)
  • Red Eagle Order (Roter Adlerorden), 4th Class (PRAO4/PrA4)
  • Saxe-Ernestine House Order, Knight Cross 1st Class (HSEH3a/HSH3a)
  • Order of the Star of Romania, Officer's Cross (RumSt4)
  • Officer of the French Legion of Honour (FEL4/FE4)
  • Prussian Order of the Crown (Preußischer Kronenorden), III. Class
  • Prussian Long Service Cross for 25 years (Königlich Preußisches Dienstauszeichnungskreuz; DA/PDK)
  • Crown to his Red Eagle Order 4th Class (PRAO4mKr/PrA4mKr)
  • Order of Henry the Lion (Herzoglich Braunschweigischer Orden Heinrichs des Löwen), Officer's Cross (BrHL2c/BrH2c)
  • Military Merit Order (Bavaria), 3rd Class (BMV3)
  • Order of Philip the Magnanimous (Verdienstorden Philipps des Großmüthigen), Cross of Honour (HP3)
  • Mecklenburg Order of the Griffon (Großherzoglich Mecklenburgischer Greifenorden), Honour Cross (MG2c)
  • Oldenburg House and Merit Order of Duke Peter Frederick Louis (Haus- und Verdienstorden des Herzogs Peter Friedrich Ludwig), Commander's Cross of Honour (Ehren-Komturkreuz; OV3)
  • Saxon Albrechts-Orden, Officer's Cross (SA3)
  • Schaumburg Lippe House Order, Cross of Honour 2nd Class (SLH.EK2/SLH2)
  • Ottoman Osmanie-Orden (Osmanije), 3rd Class (TO3)
  • House Order of Hohenzollern, Knight's Cross (HOH3)
  • Red Eagle Order, 3rd Class with the Bow (mit der Schleife) and the Crown
  • Baden Order of the Zähringer Lion (Orden vom Zähringer Löwen), Knight's Cross 1st Class (BZ3a)
  • Bulgarian Order of Saint Alexander, Commander (BA3)
  • Danish Order of Dannebrog, Commander 2nd Class (DD2b)
  • Royal Victorian Order, Commander (GV3)
  • Order of the Star of Romania, Commander (RumSt3)
  • Medal 1913 for the 25th anniversary of the reign of Kaiser Wilhelm II
  • Order of the Redeemer (Greece), Commander (GE2b)
  • Order of the Iron Crown (Austria), 2nd Class (ÖEK2)[3]

WWI (excerpt)

  • Iron Cross (1914), 2nd and 1st Class
  • Prussian Order of the Crown, 2nd Class with Swords in October 1916
  • Red Eagle Order, 2nd Class with Oak Leaves and Swords in August 1917
  • Star to his Prussian Order of the Crown 2nd Class with Swords in May 1918
  • House Order of Hohenzollern, Commander's Cross with Swords (HOH2⚔) in July 1918[4]
  • Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918 with Swords

Writings

  • Lebenserinnerungen 1865–1918 (Memoirs 1865–1918), today in the possession of the Federal Archives (military legacies) in Freiburg (BArch N 195)

References

  1. ↑ Handbuch des preußischen Adels, 1893, p. 44
  2. ↑ Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Adeligen Häuser, Teil B, 1922, p. 615
  3. ↑ Rangliste der Königlich Preußischen Armee, 1914, p. 5
  4. ↑ Militär-Wochenblatt Nr. 6, 13 July 1918, p. 92
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