Carl Hans Lungershausen

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Carl Hans Lungershausen
Carl Hans Lungershausen.jpg
Birth name Carl Hans Gustav Lungershausen
Birth date 20 July 1896
Place of birth Darmstadt-Bessungen, Grand Duchy of Hesse, German Empire
Death date 27 December 1975 (aged 79)
Place of death Hamburg, West Germany
Allegiance German Empire German Empire
Germany Weimar Republic
 National Socialist Germany
Service/branch Iron Cross of the Luftstreitkräfte.png Imperial German Army
War Ensign of the Reichswehr, 1919 - 1935.png Reichswehr
Balkenkreuz.jpg Heer
Years of service 1914–1945
Rank Lieutenant General
Battles/wars World War I
World War II
Awards Iron Cross
German Cross in Gold
Relations ∞ 1930 Marga Köster
∞ 1934 Margot von Hirsch

Karl Hans Gustav Lungershausen (also Carl; 20 July 1896 – 27 December 1975) was a German officer of the Imperial German Army in World War I, the Reichswehr and the Wehrmacht, finally Generalleutnant (Lieutenant General) in World War II.

Life

Birth announcement (1896)
Birth certificate
Rittmeister Lungershausen shows his riding skills
Three generations Lungershausen in 1938; from left: Major a. D. Friedrich “Fritz” Carl Georg Lungershausen, 3-year-old Harald Lungershausen and active Major Carl Hans Lungershausen.
Lungershausen with a Luftwaffe colonel
Lungershausen's tent in Africa, December 1942
Carl Hans Lungershausen II.jpg
Grabstätte Carl Hans Lungershausen mit Gemahlin, Waldfriedhof Volksdorf.jpg

Carl Hans, actually born Karl Hans Gustav Lungershausen, although he wrote himself Carl, achieved his Abitur at the the Realgymnasium Darmstadt in 1914. On 4 August 1914, Lungershausen joined the Leib Dragoon Regiment No. 24 as an officer candidate and was sworn in on 27 September 1914. After his basic training, he was transferred to his regiment at the front on 19 December 1914. In 1915, he was promoted to 2nd lieutenant and fought on the Eastern Front. From 16 June 1915, he served as an orderly officer on the regimental staff and from 5 May 1916, he led the machine gun platoon. In 1917, he attended various officer training courses in Spandau, Kowel and Belgorod. On 17 November 1918, he returned to his regiment. On 5 February 1919, he was commanded to the section command (Abschnittskommando) 10 in Frankfurt am Main.

After the war he was taken into the Reichswehr and assigned to the cavalry (Reiter-Regiment 16). On 1 October 1924, he became a rider at the Hanover Cavalry School and was promoted to first lieutenant in 1925. Between 1920 and 1928, he had three serious riding accidents that left him unconscious; the accident in 1924 led to five hours of unconsciousness. These accidents also caused repeated bouts of frontal sinusitis.

On 1 October 1929, he was transferred from the 16th Cavalry Regiment the staff of the 6th Infantry Division. He attended the Reinhardt course (Reinhardt-Kurs) in Berlin. On 1 October 1931, he was transferred to the 11th Cavalry Regiment and on 1 October 1932, he joined the General Staff of the 3rd Cavalry Division, where he served as Quartermaster (Ib). On 1 December 1933, he was transferred to the cavalry inspection staff in the same position. On 1 October 1934, he became commander of the 1st Squadron in the 15th Cavalry Regiment. On 15 September 1935, Lungershausen was appointed to the General Staff of Army Department 3 (Generalstab der Heeresdienststelle 3) in Opole as Chief of Operations (Ia). From 6 October 1936, Major Lungershausen commanded the 1st Battalion of the 8th Cavalry Regiment in Brieg / Oels, where he was promoted to lieutenant colonel on 1 February 1939. With the beginning of the Second World War, the regiment was reorganized and part of it was transferred to the Reconnaissance Battalion 18 (Aufklärungs-Abteilung 18) of the 18th Infantry Division.

WWII

  • 26 August 1939 Appointed commander of the Aufklärungs-Abteilung 18
  • 24 October 1939 Transferred as IIa (Staff Officer and Adjutant) in Army Group B with effect from 20 October 1939
  • 6 January 1941 Führerreserve with effect from 18 December 1940 (stayed on as IIa until 31 December)
    • hospital due to laryngitis
  • 8 March 1941 Transferred to the 7. Panzer-Division with effect from 17 March 1941 for the purpose of training as a regimental commander
  • 12 June 1941 Appointed commander of the Schützen-Regiment 7/7. Panzer-Division with effect from 1 June 1941
  • 15 May 1942 Appointed commander of the 7. Schützen-Brigade with effect from 1 May 1942
  • 12 August 1942 Appointed commander of the 90. leichte Afrika Division (90th Light Africa Division) with effect from 15 July 1942
    • Apparently this order never came into being, because he had already taken command of the 164. Infanterie-Division (Fortress Division Crete, as of 15 August 1942 renamed 164. leichte Afrika-Division) after the commander Josef Folttmann had fallen ill and Helmuth Beukemann had taken over for c. eight days.
  • 21 September 1942 Delegated with the leadership of the 164. Infanterie-Division (164. leichte Afrika-Division) with effect from 10 August 1942 (probably the day on which Lungershausen joined the division)
  • 26 October 1942 Appointed commander of the 164. Infanterie-Division (164. leichte Afrika-Division) with effect from 1 October 1942
    • On the night from 14 to 15 November 1942, his command vehicle was involved in an accident near Ghemines (Libya). The 1.86 m tall Major General Lungershausen was thrown through the front window and was briefly unconscious. His left eye was seriously injured and he also had cuts on his face that left scars. During the period in question, the headquarters was stationary first in Agedabia and then in Tripolis. Lungershausen stayed with the division, the Ia did the mobile work (travelling between units, visiting the troops etc.) while Lungershausen could not do this.
    • Lungershausen met with Erwin Rommel on 20 November 1942, and he reached Tripolis on 28 November 1942. On 29 November, Lungershausen checked into the military hospital 950 in Tripoli. His nasal septum had to be operated on and was declared tropendienstunfähig (unable to serve in the tropics) on 30 December 1942.
    • First, Colonel Siegfried Karl Theodor Westphal took over the division (delegated with the deputy leadership), and then, from end-December 1942 to mid-January 1943, Colonel Karl Otto Kurt Freiherr von Liebenstein (delegated with the leadership).
    • He was transported to Germany for further treatment and admitted to the reserve military hospital 9 in Breslau on 4 January 1943. On 17 February 1943, he was admitted to the reserve military hospital Freiwaldau-Gräfenberg.
  • 18 March 1943 Führerreserve with effect from 15 January 1943
  • 25 May 1943 Delegated with the leadership of the Division / Kommando Sardinien
    • The 90th Panzergrenadier Division was established by order of 6 July 1943 by renaming the Sardinia Division. The formation order states: "In order to preserve the tradition of the 90th Light Infantry Division, which remained after brave fighting in Africa, the Sardinia Division is renamed the 90th Panzergrenadier Division." To avoid confusion when disbanding existing units of the 90th Light Infantry Division until its dissolution, the units of the 90th Panzergrenadier Division used the designation "new" after the troop designation until 31 December 1943.
  • 9 August 1943 Appointed commander of the 90. Panzergrenadier-Division with effect from 1 August 1943
    • After the deposition of Mussolini and the signing of the armistice agreement between Italy and the two Allies, the USA and Great Britain, in September 1943 (Fall Achse), Lungershausen organized the evacuation of German soldiers from Sardinia and Corsica after the landing of Allied troops in southern Italy.
    • By 19 September 1943, General Carl Hans Lungershausen’s 90th Panzergrenadierdivision, Colonel Almers’s 135th Festungsbrigade, and anti-aircraft and air force units, totaling 25,800 men with 4,650 vehicles, 4,765 tons of stores and many pieces of artillery, had been ferried to Corsica and evacuation was complete.
    • A friendly agreement between the division commander Lungershausen and the Italian Generale di Corpo d'Armata Antonio Basso made the withdrawal possible almost without a fight between 8 and 16 September 1943. The 90th Panzergrenadier Division was shipped from Palau in northeastern Sardinia to Bonifacio on Corsica. After the insurgency against the Italian occupiers was declared on Corsica on 9 September 1943, and the Germans were thus also affected, the division was withdrawn along the eastern coastal road from Bonifacio to Bastia. The division was evacuated to the Italian mainland via the contested bridgehead of Bastia by early October 1943, with losses.
      • The Italian commander in Sardinia, Generale di Corpo d’Armata Antonio Basso, was unwilling to commit his forces to combat on Sardinia, even though they outnumbered the Germans by a large margin, and in this period immediately after Italy’s armistice with the Allies therefore negotiated a non-intervention agreement with the German commander, whose primary goal was extricating his formation to Corsica. Part of the Italian paratroop regiment deployed on Sardinia mutinied, joined the Germans and followed them to Corsica after killing an officer sent to quell the mutiny. Maddalena and Santa Teresa in Sardinia were the ports from which the German travelled to Porto Vecchio and Bonifacio on Corsica, and in accord with Basso’s agreement with the Germans, the Italians in control of neighbouring coastal batteries did not attempt to interfere. Siebel ferries and landing craft released after the Sicilian evacuation transported the garrison as did such barges as could be spared from carrying fuel between the mainland port of Livorno and the front in Italy. Oberst Hubertus Hitschold, the Fliegerführer ' Sardinien', transferred his headquarters to Ghisonaccia airfield in Corsica on 10 September in his other capacity as the Kommandierender General der deutschen Luftwaffe in Mittelitalien, and on 11 September the remaining 44 German aircraft in Sardinia (mostly Focke-Wulf Fw 190 and Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighters and fighter-bombers) followed. Between 8 and 15 September the Germans wrecked seven of the Sardinian airfields. Nevertheless, on 10 September more than 50 Italian aircraft arrived from the mainland and landed on other airfields, 22 of them later flying to Sicily and Tunisia to join the Allies as the others prepared to operate from Sardinia in support of the Allies: on 16 September, for example, five Cant Z.1007 bombers attacked German evacuation shipping in the Bay of Bonifacio. For the next four days the Germans retaliated with attacks on the serviceable Sardinian airfields.[1]
    • 13 December 1943 Generalfeldmarschall Albert Kesselring requested a new divisional commander, but requested Lungershausen stay under his command.
      • At the time of the transfer of command to Ernst-Günther Baade, the division was involved in the Battle of Ortona, Lungershausen was ill and evidently overwhelmed with the leadership of his inexperienced division. Colonel Baade led the division with great success during the Battle of Monte Cassino.
  • 17 December 1943 Führerreserve with effect from 20 December 1943
    • at the same time, appointed German general of the Italian reorganizations in the area of ​​the Commander-in-Chief Southwest (Kesselring)
  • 30 June 1944 Appointed Inspector of the Italian units subordinated to ​​the Commander-in-Chief Southwest (Kesselring)
  • 16 January 1945 Appointed commander of the Deployment Staff (Hungary) No. 1 in Berlin
  • 21 January 1945 Fell ill (he suffered from chronic laryngitis) , treated until 2 March 1945 at the Feld-Lazarett 700 Meran and was then transferred to the military hospital 1/561
    • On 8 March 1945, he received the following assessment from his former superior, Field Marshal Kesselring: "Has proved himself to be an excellent advisor and inspector. Tirelessly active, clear observer, very good organizer and skilled worker with excellent military knowledge. Will again do his best in the same or similar position after his health has been restored. Decent character, good comrade, National Socialist."
  • 17 March 1945 Führerreserve with effect from 1 February 1945
  • 5 April 1945 Given three weeks leave
  • 1 October 1945 POW of the British
  • 7 March 1947 Released

Post-WWII

Lungershausen joined the CDU and became CDU parliamentary group leader in the Alstertal local committee. From 1956, he was also head of the Hamburg section of the Society for Military Studies (Gesellschaft für Wehrkunde) and from 1958 to 1966, he was also the state representative of the Society for Schleswig-Holstein and Hamburg. The Society for Military Studies campaigned for German integration into the West and rearmament; it was founded in 1951 by the CIA and initially financed by it. From 1953, it operated as a registered association, and funding was now provided by industry and the "Amt Blank" (the predecessor institution of the Federal Republic of Germany's Ministry of Defense). Lungerhausen was also chairman and managing director of the Association of Former Life Guards (Verein ehemaliger Leibgardisten; Düsseldorf local group), and took part in the so-called Dragoon Meetings, excursions organized by the comradeship of former Life Dragoons (Leibdragoner), of which he had been a member as a 2nd lieutenant in the First World War.

Family

Carl Hans was the son of Major Friedrich “Fritz” Carl/Karl Georg Lungershausen (b. 1 March 1867 in Bremen; d. 11 September 1938 in Berchtesgaden), a career officer in the 2. Großherzoglich Hessisches Dragoner-Regiment (Leib-Dragoner-Regiment) Nr. 24, and Christa Margarethe Lamotte ( [b. 6 December 1871 in Bremen; d 1 December 1948 in Schwöb, Landkreis Berchtesgaden), a Bremen merchant daughter. His younger sister Marlene was born in 1900.[2]

Marriage

On 11 April 1930 in Neumünster, 1st Lieutenant Carl Hans Lungershausen married his fiancée Marga Köster (b. 30 May 1911), daughter of wealthy manufacturer Georg Köster. This first marriage was divorced on 22 December 1933.

On 8 May 1934, Rittmeister Lungershausen married his fiancée Margot Helene Maria von Hirsch (1908–2001), daughter of an officer's family. Her father Rittmeister Wilhelm von Hirsch from the Oldenburgisches Dragoner-Regiment Nr. 19 was ⚔ on 4 October 1918. They would have two sons:

  • Harald Friedrich Karl Albert (b. 23 February 1935 in Paderborn)
  • Joachim Hubertus (b. 28 December 1937 in Breslau), Director of the Bosch Lawn & Garden Ltd (1 September 1995 to 2 July 1999) and Spokesman for the Management Board of the Bosch Power Tools Division as well as Managing Director of the Bosch Management Support GmbH in Stuttgart from 1999 to 2002
    • After completing a banking apprenticeship, Lungershausen joined the Bosch Group in 1961 and held various positions within the group at home and abroad; most recently Lungershausen was Vice President of the Bosch Group and Managing Director of the Tools division. After his retirement in 1999, he co-founded Bosch Management Support GmbH, a consulting company of the Bosch Group, which he headed as Managing Director until April 2002.

Promotions

  • 4 August 1914 Fahnenjunker (Officer Candidate)
  • 18 June 1915 Leutnant ohne Patent (2nd Lieutenant without Patent; ernannt)
    • 4 June 1918 received Patent from 10 August 1914
    • 1 July 1922 received Rank Seniority (RDA) from 1 September 1915
  • 31 July 1925 Oberleutnant (1st Lieutenant) with Rank Seniority (RDA) from 1 April 1925
  • 1 February 1931 Hauptmann (Captain)
    • renamed Rittmeister when he returned to the cavalry and back to Hauptmann i. G. when he was e.g. transferred to the General Staff of the Army Department 3
  • 18 January 1936 Major with effect from 1 January 1936
  • 30 January 1939 Oberstleutnant (Lieutenant Colonel) with effect from 1 February 1939
  • 17 December 1941 Oberst (Colonel) with effect from 1 October 1941 and Rank Seniority (RDA) from 1 November 1940
  • 16 September 1942 Generalmajor (Major General) with effect from 1 October 1942
  • 8 September 1943 Generalleutnant (Lieutenant General)[3] with effect from 1 September 1943

Awards, decorations and honours

Awards und decorations

Honours

  • Honorary citizenship of Koken, Bezirk Trautenau on 7 November 1938 (acceptance approved on 13 February 1939)
  • Road Lungershausenweg in Hamburg-Poppenbüttel in 1977

Gallery

  • Karl Hans Gustav Lungershausen I.jpg
  • Karl Hans Gustav Lungershausen Ib.jpg
  • Karl Hans Gustav Lungershausen II.jpg
  • Karl Hans Gustav Lungershausen III.jpg
  • Karl Hans Gustav Lungershausen IV.jpg
  • Karl Hans Gustav Lungershausen V.jpg
  • Karl Hans Gustav Lungershausen VI.jpg
  • Carl Hans Lungershausen III.jpg
  • Carl Hans Lungershausen, letter.png
  • Lungershausenweg, Hamburg Poppenbüttel.jpg

External links

References

  1. ↑ Operation Yoke
  2. ↑ Annäherung an meinen Urgrossvater: Carl Hans Lungershausen, Generalleutnant der Deutschen Wehrmacht im Zweiten Weltkrieg
  3. ↑ Lungershausen, Karl-Hans (Generalleutnant)
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