March
March is the third month of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, and one of the seven months which are 31 days long. March in the Southern Hemisphere is the seasonal equivalent of September in the Northern Hemisphere. The name of March comes from ancient Rome, when March was the first month of the year and named Martius after Mars, the Roman god of war. In Rome, where the climate is Mediterranean, March is the first month of spring, a logical point for the beginning of the year as well as the start of the military campaign season.
Walk
March (German: Marsch) is defined as a walk in a military manner with regular and measured tread (moving steadily, advancing), but also to walk in step and in time with a regular and uniform movement (troops). The term can also be used to describe a walk somewhere quickly and in a determined way. It is possible to "march in place", alternately putting weight on your left and right feet. As a noun, "march" can describe the distance covered within a specific period of time by marching.
Volksmarching
Volksmarching (from German: Volksmarsch or Volkswandern, people's march or folk hiking) is a form of non-competitive fitness walking that developed in Europe in the mid-late 1960s. An organizer offers hiking routes of various lengths that the participant can march alone or in a group. There are usually several refreshment and checkpoints along the way, so you don't have to take heavy luggage with you. After completing the route, the participant often receives a symbolic award. It was already offered at the beginning of the 1970s as part of the German fitness movement. The organizers were the municipalities. Many organizing clubs are organized in the German People's Sports Association or the International People's Sports Association. The member clubs have a globally uniform rating and badge system.
Region
In medieval Europe, a march or mark (German: Mark) was, in broad terms, any kind of borderland, as opposed to a state's "heartland". More specifically, a march was a border between realms or a neutral buffer zone under joint control of two states in which different laws might apply. In both of these senses, marches served a political purpose, such as providing warning of military incursions or regulating cross-border trade. Marches gave rise to the titles marquess (masculine) or marchioness (feminine).
Marches, as administrative districts in vulnerable border regions that were particularly important for security policy, gained particular importance in the Frankish Empire when Holy Roman Emperor Charlemagne introduced the Marche system at the turn of the 8th and 9th centuries to secure the borders of the empire, which had expanded in some cases through long wars. The Carolingian Marche system was retained and further developed by the subsequent German Kings and Roman-German Emperors of the Holy Roman Empire.
The margraves held the Marches as fiefs granted to them directly by the king or emperor and, compared to other counts, had special powers: they could order fortifications, were assigned a larger number of Frankish vassals for support and could raise the army themselves in their territory. With the consolidation of the empire from the 12th century onwards, most of the remaining margraviate became imperial principalities, and the margraves, like the landgraves who were equal to them, were among the highest secular dignitaries in the empire.
Ostmark
- Marchia orientalis (German: Markgrafschaft Ostarrichi), eastern prefecture of the Franconian Duchy of Bavaria in present-day Hungary, from about 800 to 907
- Saxon Eastern March, also Marchia Geronis (Geromark), east of the middle Elbe and Saale from 937 to 953
- Margraviate / Duchy of Austria, 12th to 13th century, in the language of the early 20th century
Modern times
- Province of Posen and Province of West Prussia, which belonged to the Kingdom of Prussia from 1772/93 to 1919
- also used in the Weimar National Assembly, see German Eastern March Association and German Women's Association for the Eastern Marches
- Lower Silesian Eastern March (de), occasional term for the district of Kreuzburg O.S. in Upper Silesia, which had previously belonged to Lower Silesia
- Brandenburg Neumark, (also East Brandenburg; March of Brandenburg)
- Gau Mark Brandenburg (Gau Ostmark) of the NSDAP around Frankfurt/Oder, 1925–1933
- East Bavaria = Bavarian Ostmark, 1933–1942
- Austria, 1939–1942 official name as part of the German Reich, later Alpen- und Donau-Reichsgaue ("Danubian and Alpine Reichsgaue")
