Constant Freiherr von Quadt und Hüchtenbruck

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Constant Freiherr von Quadt und Hüchtenbruck
General Constant Freiherr von Quadt und Hüchtenbruck.jpg
Birth name Carl Ludwig Friedrich Constant Freiherr von Quadt und Hüchtenbruck
Birth date 3 March 1781(1781-03-03)
Place of birth Bergen op Zoom, Republic of the Seven United Netherlands
Death date 2 May 1868 (aged 87)
Place of death Haus Bögge, Kreis Hamm, Province of Westphalia, Kingdom of Prussia, North German Confederation
Allegiance Flag of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands.png Republic of the Seven United Netherlands
Germany Prussian Eagle.jpg Kingdom of Prussia
Wappen des Deutschen Bundes.jpg German Confederation
Service/branch War and service flag of Prussia (1895–1918).png Prussian Army
Years of service 1793–1846
Rank Charakter als Generalmajor
Battles/wars Coalition Wars
German campaign of 1813
Awards Iron Cross (1813)
Red Eagle Order
Relations ∞ 1815 Sophie von Bodelschwingh

Karl Ludwig Friedrich Constant Freiherr von Quadt und Hüchtenbruck (sometimes incorrectly written Constantin; 3 March 1781 – 2 May 1868), sometimes referred to as Freiherr von Quadt zu Wykradt-Hüchtenbruck or Freiherr von Quadt-Wykradt-Hüchtenbruck, was a general of the Prussian Army, governor of Breslau and lord of the manor (Haus Bögge near Hamm, Westphalia).

Life

Freiherr von Quadt und Hüchtenbruck, in: Offizier-Stammliste des Leib-Grenadier-Regiments König Friedrich Wilhelm III. (1. Brandenburgischen) Nr. 8, 1899
Stammliste des Offizierkorps des 2. Garde-Regiments zu Fuß, 1913, p. 28 f.
Brother Ludwig (1779–1849)
Family
Death notice, in: Wochenblatt der Johanniter-Ordens-Balley Brandenburg, 1868

Constant Freiherr von Quadt und Hüchtenbruck initially attended schools in Utrecht and Herzogenbusch. On 1 March 1792, he went into the Dutch service and joined his father's regiment as a Junker. During the First Coalition War, he fought 1793/94 in the sieges of Maulbiege, Menin and Ypres, the battles of Breda and Roucq and the storming of Wervicq. On 12 June 1795, after the fall of the Dutch Republic in January 1795, he took leave from Dutch service and on 2 April 1796, just turning 15, he joined an English Freikorps to fight against the French. On 28 October 1798, he transferred to Prussian service during the Coalition Wars and served as a Fähnrich in Prince Louis Ferdinand's infantry regiment. In the Fourth Coalition War, he fought in the Battle of Auerstedt in 1806 (de) and was taken prisoner with the surrender of Magdeburg on 11 November 1806. On 7 July 1807, he was put on half pay as an inactive officer cadet.

  • 2 May 1810 2. Westpreußisches Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 7 (aggregated almost three years after the Treaties of Tilsit)
  • 6 June 1811 Normal-Infanterie-Bataillon (aggregated)
    • With the highest cabinet order (AKO) of 14 May 1811, the formation of the Normal-Infanterie-Bataillon was ordered. Each of the infantry regiments had to provide three non-commissioned officers and 42 men, the guard five non-commissioned officers and 36 men, and the grenadier battalions each one non-commissioned officer. The formation was completed by 1 June 1811. The battalion was attached to the Guard Foot Regiment. During the Wars of Liberation it still fought at Großgörschen and Bautzen. By AKO dated 20 June 1813, the 2nd Guards Foot Regiment was founded at the headquarters in Neudorf near Reichenbach in Silesia. It was composed of the Normal Infantry Battalion, the 1st Battalion of the Colberg Infantry Regiment and the Fusilier Battalion of the Life Infantry Regiment No. 8.
  • 8 February 1813 Company Commander in the Leib Grenadier Bataillon (Breslau) as part of the Leib Infanterie Regiment (Berlin)
    • March 1813 Leader of the Jäger Detachment/Leib Grenadier Bataillon
      • Wounded during the Battle of Großgörschen (Lützen) on 2 May 1813
      • Participated in the Battle of Bautzen on 20/21 May 1813
      • Participated in th Battle of Haynau on 26 May 1813
    • 2 August 1813 Transferred as Battalion Commander to the 2. Garde-Regiment zu Fuß
      • Participated in the Battle of Leipzig from 16 to 19 October 1813
      • Wounded during the Battle of Paris from 30 to 31 March 1814
  • 14 May 1815 Commander of the 13. Infanterie-Regiment
    • renamed 13. Infanterie-Regiment (1. Westfälisches) on 5 November 1816
  • 12 December 1815 Commander of the 2. Garde-Regiment zu Fuß
    • 30 March 1831 At the same time interim commander of the Garde-Landwehr-Brigade
  • 30 March 1832 Commander of the 2. Garde-Landwehr-Brigade, still aggregated to the 2. Garde-Regiment zu Fuß
  • 30 March 1838 Interim commander of the 6. Division
    • at the same time ad interim First Commandant (Erster Kommandant) of Torgau (Province of Saxony)
  • 10 September 1840 Officially appointed commander of the 6. Division
  • 4 March 1848 Governor of Breslau
  • 6 June 1849 Retired with the statutory pension and the rank as honorary General of the Infantry

Family

Descent

Constant came from the old knight-born noble family Quadt. His parents were the Major General Otto Ludwig von Quadt und Hüchtenbruck (1739–1793) and his wife Charlotte Elisabeth, née Freiin van Heeckeren van Brandsenburg (also written Brantzenburg and Branzenburg; 1744–1804). His older brother Ludwig Freiherr von Quadt von Hüchtenbruck (1779–1849), a veteran of the Coalition Wars (Iron Cross, 2nd Class), became a Prussian lieutenant general and was Knight of the Order "Pour le Mérite".

Otto Ludwig von Quadt und Hüchtenbruck

Constant's father had fought under Prussian King Frederick the Great in the Seven Years' War as a captain and then entered into well-paid Dutch service with the Dutch States Army[1] where he later received his own regiment and was promoted to major general. Otto Ludwig von Quadt und Hüchtenbruck was severely wounded during the Battle of Famars on 23 May 1793 at the head of his regiment and died in Menen/Menin (Flanders) on 26 May 1793.

Marriage

On 2 December 1815 at Haus Velmede, Constant Freiherr von Quadt und Hüchtenbruck married Sophie Henrike Eleonore Gisbertine von Bodelwickelh (1791–1855), a sister of the minister Karl von Bodelwickelh, at Haus Heyde near Unna. She was Heiress to the Bögge and Nordhof estates. They had five children:

  • Friederike "Frieda" Ernestine Karoline Luise Wilhelmine Dorothea[2] (b. 22 April 1817 in Berlin; d. 24 October 1890 ibid);[3] ∞ Berlin 6 October 1838 Dr. theol. Wilhelm von Hengstenberg (1804–1880), secret court councilor and senior court preacher
  • Otto (1819–1893), Prussian Major,[4] Knight of Justice (Rechtsritter) of the Johanniter-Orden and heir to the Bögge estate (sold 1872 ); ⚭ 1859 Agnes Luise Meta von Hülsen (1842–1901), 5 children[5]
  • Ida Sophie Wilhelmine Karoline Luise (b. 18 September 1821 at Haus Velmede; d. 12 August 1891 in Oels); ⚭ 24 April 1844 widower Wilhelm Friedrich Wulf von Natzmer (1803–1852), Prussian captain and lord of the manor (Jankow and Donaborow)
  • Ernst Gustav Adolf Eugen Ferdinand Wilhelm Karl (b. 1 August 1823 in Berlin)
  • Friedrich Karl August Ludwig Constantin (1825–1881), Landwehr officer, jurist and politician; ⚭ 1856 Friederike Karoline Wilhelmine Elise Auguste Luise von Bodelschwingh (1834–1905), a daughter of the minister Karl von Bodelschwingh, 8 children,[6] among them Lieutenant General Alfred Friedrich Constantin Freiherr von Quadt und Hüchtenbruck (1862–1928)

Promotions

  • 1 March 1792 Junker (Dutch States Army Officer Candidate)
  • 25 April 1793 Fähnrich (Dutch States Army Officer Cadet)
  • 28 October 1798 Fähnrich (Prussian Officer Cadet)
  • 8 January 1803 Seconde-Lieutenant (2nd Lieutenant) with Patent from 4 January 1803
  • 4 December 1810 Premier-Lieutenant (1st Lieutenant)
  • 2 October 1811 Stabs-Capitän (Staff Captain)
  • 8 February 1813 Capitän (Captain)
  • 2 August 1813 Major without Patent (aggregated)
    • Patent received on 13 October 1813
  • 28 October 1815 Oberst-Lieutenant (Lieutenant Colonel)
  • 30 March 1823 Oberst (Colonel) with Patent from 5 April 1823
  • 30 March 1834 Generalmajor (Major General)
  • 7 April 1842 General-Lieutenant (Lieutenant General)
    • On 29 June 1843, it was decided, that his service with foreign troops would be taken into account mit dem zurückgelegten 14. Lebensjahr (from the age of 14 or "passed 14th year of life", which would be March 1795). But this outdated formulation could also mean from the age of 15, which would mean March 1796. This would explain the Diamonds to his Red Eagle Order 1st Class with Oak Leaves in April 1846, which he would have received for his 50th anniversary of his military service.
  • 6 June 1849 Charakter als General der Infanterie (Honorary General of the Infantry)

Awards and decorations

  • Iron Cross (1813), 2nd and 1st Class
    • 2nd Class in 1813 for the Battle of Großgörschen (Lützen)
      • As a special honour, he was named Senior of the Iron Cross, 2nd Class by the King of Prussia (Friedrich Wilhelm IV) on 8 November 1841[7]
    • 1st Class on 9 April 1814 for the Battle of Paris (1814)
  • Prussian War Memorial Medal for the Wars of Liberation (Kriegsdenkmünze für die Befreiungskriege)
  • Imperial Russian Order of St. George, 4th Class (RG4)
  • Red Eagle Order (Roter Adlerorden), 3rd Class (PRAO3/PrA3)
    • later classified as 3rd Class with the Bow
  • Prussian Long Service Cross for 25 years (Königlich Preußisches Dienstauszeichnungskreuz; DA) in 1825
  • Knight of the Johanniter Order (Johanniterorden) on 22 November 1830
    • classified as Knight of Honour (Ehrenritter) on 15 October 1852
    • Knight of Justice (Rechtsritter) in 1854
  • Russian Order of Saint Anna (St.-Annen-Orden), II. Class with the Crown (RA2mKr)
  • Imperial Russian Sankt-Stanislaus-Orden, I. Class (RSt1) on 26 November 1834
  • Red Eagle Order, 2nd Class with Oak Leaves
  • Russian Order of Saint Anna (St.-Annen-Orden), I. Class (RA1)
  • Star to his Red Eagle Order 2nd Class with Oak Leaves
  • Diamonds to his Russian Order of Saint Anna (St.-Annen-Orden) I. Class (RA1mBr) on 26 September 1843
  • Red Eagle Order, 1st Class with Oak Leaves[8]
  • Diamonds to his Red Eagle Order 1st Class with Oak Leaves on 26 April 1846
  • Commemorative War Medal 1863 for Combatants from 1813–1815 (Erinnerungs-Kriegs-Denkmünze)

References

  1. ↑ The Republic usually used military entrepreneurs only on the level of regiments, not entire armies, if only to keep control of the drilling of the soldiers and the high command of the troops. Still, there were a few instances in which entire armies were hired "off the shelf" so to speak. The best-known example is the engagement of the troops of German general Peter Ernst Graf von Mansfeld in the early 1620s, but the augmentation of the army in 1688 with Prussian troops to replace the invasion forces that the Republic sent to England to bring about the Glorious Revolution in that country may count as another. This practice continued until the collapse of the armies of the First Coalition in January 1795.
  2. ↑ Friederike Ernestine Karoline Luise Wilhelmine Dorothea von Quadt und Hüchtenbruck (1817-1890)
  3. ↑ Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Freiherrlichen Häuser, Justus Perthes, Gotha 1892, p. 657
  4. ↑ Stammliste des Offizierkorps des 2. Garde-Regiments zu Fuß, 1913, p. 93
  5. ↑ Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Freiherrlichen Häuser, Gotha 1905, p. 576
  6. ↑ Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Freiherrlichen Häuser, 1885, p. 704 f.
  7. ↑ Breslauer Zeitung, 11 November 1941
  8. ↑ Rang- und Quartierliste der Königlich Preußischen Armee, 1845, p. 44
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