Bodybuilding
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Bodybuilding (sometimes written body-building), also bodyshaping, is a sporting byproduct of strength training and has become independent in the field of physical culture. Although aesthetic body design has its origins in the idealized sculpture art of ancient Greece, the pioneers of muscular physical culture as we know it today were Germans.
Contents
History
Basis
The basis of bodybuilding is formed by heavy athletic exercises for muscle development. They consist of calisthenics with disc and dumbbells, adjustable weights, elastic bands, resistance machines, weight machines, and more. The goal is targeted and defined strength gain, increased performance (fitness), and the transformation of the body (strength and beauty), as well as the achievement of a life-reforming health and self-confidence.
Progressive resistance exercises are exercises that gradually increase the weight or repetition in order to build muscle and increase strength. The three types of progressive resistance exercises are isotonic exercises (same tension: the weight on the muscles stays the same), isometric exercises (same length: muscles do not get shorter or longer during exercise), and isokinetic exercises (same speed: muscles contract at the same speed throughout the workout). Each of these progressive resistance exercises focuses on a different way to exercise the body.
Eugen Sandow
Eugen Sandow or Eugene Sandow, born Friedrich Wilhelm Müller (b. 2 April 1867 in Königsberg, Province of Prussia, Kingdom of Prussia, North German Confederation; d. 14 October 1925 in London, United Kingdom), was a German bodybuilder and worldwide pioneer of strength sports.
As the father and inventor of modern bodybuilding, he is considered the most famous "muscle man" of his time. In a television interview with "Men's Health" magazine in September 2019, bodybuilding legend Arnold Schwarzenegger, when asked who he would most like to train with, living or dead, answered without hesitation:
- "With Eugen Sandow. He's one of my idols. He was the first bodybuilder and strength athlete. A remarkable man."
Mutation
From the 1960s and especially the 1970s, the natural body shaping of the early to mid-20th century degenerated into "muscular augmentation" through the administration of prohibited, nature-altering, but above all health-destructive additives (doping with anabolic steroids), which transformed recreational athletes into "drug-dependent mutants" in the pursuit of competitiveness, money, and perceived fame.
Famous bodybuilders (selection)
- Hans Beck (1867–1917), innkeeper from Landshut, German weightlifting champion in 1893, 1895, and 1897, European champion in 1896; multiple world record holder
- Lou Ferrigno, bodybuilder and actor (The Incredible Hulk)
- Hermann Görner (1891–1956), celebrated in Great Britain and the United States as a great pioneer of "powerlifting"
- Georg Karl Julius Hackenschmidt (1878–1968), Baltic German wrestler and weightlifter
- Ralf Moeller, bodybuilder and actor
- Jens Pedersen Müller[1] (1866/68–1938), founder of the gymnastics system based on the model of Friedrich Ludwig Jahn
- Markus Rühl, retired IFBB professional bodybuilder, who is widely regarded as one of the biggest "mass monster" bodybuilders of all-time
- Arnold Schwarzenegger, bodybuilder, academic, actor, politician, legend
Gallery
Friedrich Wilhelm Müller (Eugen Sandow), 1887
Georg Hackenschmidt, 1902
Arthur, Kurt and Hermann Hennig, internationally known as “The Saxon Trio”[2]
Bodyshaping through gymnastics according to the teachings of Hans Surén
Reinhard Lichtenberg and Reinhard Smolana, 1960
Arnold Schwarzenegger, undisputed celebrity of bodybuilders
German lawyer and body sculptor from Stuttgart Dr. jur. Patricia Catherine Till[3]
US-American bodybuilder and strength athlete Christmas Joy Abbott (b. 1981) from Lynchburg, Virginia
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References
- ↑ Also known as Jørgen Peter Müller or J. P. Müller
- ↑ The "Saxon Trio" was actually founded by German Greco-Roman wrestler Arno Patschke, who, because he was from Saxony, adopted the stage name Arno Saxon. He formed the trio with Oscard Hilgenfeldt and Arthur Hennig. Arthur's brothers Kurt and Hermann later joined, and finally the Henning brothers, who now also called themselves "Saxon," formed the trio exclusively. Arthur Henning (1878–1921) was a soldier in the German Army during World War I. Like so many others, he suffered from malnutrition, became ill after the war, and died early of tuberculosis.
- ↑ Patricia Catherine Till was born in Stuttgart in 1971. From 1991 to 1996, she studied law at the University of Giessen. From 1997 to 1999, she was a legal trainee at the Stuttgart Regional Court. At the same time, she earned her doctorate under Prof. Dr. Friedrich von Zezschwitz, Chair of Public Law and Tax Law at the University of Giessen. She received her doctorate magna cum laude in 2000. See also: SIE – Eine Hommage (2006)
