Lauenburg
(Redirected from Duchy of Lauenburg)
Lauenburg stands for:
- Lauenburg/Elbe, a town in Schleswig-Holstein
- Lauenburg in Pomerania, a town in Pomerania
- Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg (1182/1296–1876)
- The Ascanian Bernhard I of Anhalt received the duchy (although without Westphalia) as a fief from the Roman-German Emperor. Bernhard I then established Lauenburg Castle in 1182. In 1201, after the Battle of Waschow, all of northern Elbia and northern Mecklenburg came under Danish rule; Lauenburg was also conquered by the Danes. After the Battle of Bornhöved in 1227, Danish rule in northern Germany ended. Since the Ratzeburg dynasty had died out, the Ascanians, as Dukes of Saxony—and thus as feudal lords—were able to seize the County of Ratzeburg as a vacant fief. In 1235, Emperor Frederick II created the new Welf Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg, which significantly weakened the Ascanians' position. In 1260, after the death of their father, Albert I, the brothers John I and Albert II assumed joint rule. The Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg was a principality in the extreme southeast of present-day Schleswig-Holstein, under direct imperial control of the Holy Roman Empire since 1296, with its territorial center in the district of the Duchy of Lauenburg, which bears its name today. The duchy was created in 1296 through the division of the remaining Duchy of Saxony. From 1296 to 1689, the duchy was ruled by the Ascanians, who formed their own line there. The duchy's residences were Lauenburg and later Ratzeburg, since the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 had transferred the Bishopric of Ratzeburg to Saxe-Lauenburg, whose bishops, after the Reformation, had mostly come from the House of Mecklenburg. After the German-Danish War of 1864, Prussia and Austria assumed control of Lauenburg, Schleswig, and Holstein within the German Confederation in a condominium. In the Treaty of Gastein of August 14, 1865, Austria ceded the Duchy of Lauenburg to the King of Prussia in exchange for a payment of 2.5 million thalers. The history of the duchy ended with its incorporation into the Prussian province of Schleswig-Holstein in 1876.
- Kreis Herzogtum Lauenburg, a district in Schleswig-Holstein
- Since the 14th century, the district was a duchy; after its annexation to the Prussian Province of Schleswig-Holstein in 1876, the new district was allowed to continue using the designation "Duchy" as a reminder of its past. This designation has been retained in the district's official name to this day. The administrative seat of the district is Ratzeburg, and the largest town is Geesthacht.
- Kreis Lauenburg i. Pom., district in Pomerania
- The Lauenburg district, located in Western Pomerania and later also called the Lauenburg i. Pom. district, was the easternmost district of the Prussian province of Pomerania from 1846 to 1945. Its district seat was the town of Lauenburg i. Pom. The former district is now located in occupied Eastern Germany, in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship.
- Lands of Lauenburg and Bütow, historical territory in Pomerania
- Neu-Lauenburg, island group in the Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea
- Lauenburg (ship), German weather observation ship during World War II
Lauenburg is the surname of the following people:
- Heinrich Lauenburg (1832–1890), German architect and building contractor
- Johann Friedrich Lauenburg (1809–1835), German architect
- Rudolf Maximilian of Saxe-Lauenburg (1596–1647), colonel in the Thirty Years' War
- Sophie of Saxe-Lauenburg (1521–1571), Princess of Saxe-Lauenburg and Countess of Oldenburg
