Mongolia
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Mongolia is a country in East-Central Asia. The landlocked country borders Russia to the north and China to the south. The capital and largest city is Ulan Bator. Mongolia's political system is a parliamentary republic.
Formation
- Formation of the Hunnic Empire 209 BC
- Formation of the Mongol Empire 1206
- Independence declared (from Qing Dynasty) on 29 December 1911
Description
At 1,564,116 square kilometres, Mongolia is the nineteenth largest, and the least densely populated independent country in the world with a population of around 2.9 million people. It is also the world's second-largest landlocked country after Kazakhstan. The country contains very little arable land, as much of its area is covered by arid and unproductive steppes, with mountains to the north and west and the Gobi Desert to the south. Approximately thirty percent of the country's 2.9 million people are nomadic or semi-nomadic. The predominant religion in Mongolia is Tibetan Buddhism, and the majority of the state's citizens are of the Mongol ethnicity, though Kazakhs, Tuvans, and other minorities also live in the country, especially in the west. About 38% of the population lives in Ulan Bator.
Region
Mongolia also describes a vast region of central Asia, inhabited chiefly by Mongols (Mongol Empire): now divided into the republic of Mongolia, Inner Mongolia (the Mongol Autonomous Region of China), and the Tuva Republic in south-central Siberia, Russia; at its height during the 13th century under Genghis Khan.
