Shahada
The Shahada or Shahadah (Arabic: الشَّهَادَةُ , aš-šahādatu; IPA: [æʃʃæhæːdætʊ], "the testimony") is an Islamic oath of belief in the Muslim God and its prophet Muhammad. Most traditional schools of Islam accept a person as Muslim once they recite the Shahada in good faith. The Shahada is technically two phrases, but they are typically joined into one.
Testimony
The declaration reads:[1][2][3][4]
- First Shahada
- لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللَّٰهُ
- lā ʾilāha ʾillā -llāh
- IPA [læː ʔi.læː.hæ ʔil.lɑ‿ɫ.ɫɑː.hu]
- English: "There is no deity but God."
- Second Shahada
- مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ ٱللَّٰهِ
- muḥammadur rasūlu -llāh
- IPA: [mu.ħɑm.mæ.dur rɑ.suː.lu‿ɫ.ɫɑːh]
- English: "Muhammad is the Messenger of God."
- Combined Shahada
- أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا ٱللَّٰهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ ٱللَّٰهِ
- ašhadu ʾan lā ʾilāha ʾilla -llāhu, wa-ʾašhadu ʾanna muḥammadan rasūlu -llāh
- IPA: [ʔæʃ.hæ.du ʔæn læː ʔi.læː.hæ ʔil.lɑ‿ɫ.ɫɑː.hu wæ.ʔæʃ.hæ.du ʔæn.næ mu.ħɑm.mæ.dæn rɑ.suː.lu‿ɫ.ɫɑh]
- English: "I bear witness that there is no deity but God, and I bear witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of God."
References
- ↑ Malise Ruthven (January 2004). Historical Atlas of Islam. Harvard University Press, 14. ISBN 978-0-674-01385-8.
- ↑ Richard C. Martín. Encyclopedia of Islam & the Muslim World. Granite Hill Publishers, 723. ISBN 978-0-02-865603-8. [dead link]
- ↑ Frederick Mathewson Denny (2006). An Introduction to Islam. Pearson Prentice Hall, 409. ISBN 978-0-13-183563-4.
- ↑ Mohammad, Noor (1985). "The Doctrine of Jihad: An Introduction". Journal of Law and Religion 3 (2): 381–397. doi:10.2307/1051182.
