May 13
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Events
- 1568 - Battle of Langside: the forces of Mary Queen of Scots are defeated by a confederacy of Scottish Protestants under James Stewart, Earl of Moray, her half-brother.
- 1846 - Mexican-American War: The United States declares war on Mexico.
- 1912 - In the United Kingdom, the Royal Flying Corps (now the Royal Air Force) was established.
- 1940 - Queen Wilhelmina of the Netherlands flees the German invasion in the Netherlands to Britain. Princess Juliana takes her children to Canada for their safety.
- 1948 - 1948 Arab-Israeli War: The Kfar Etzion massacre is committed by Arab irregulars, the day before the declaration of independence of the state of Israel on May 14.
- 1960 – Free Speech Movement is born at University of California Berkeley.
- 1981 - Pope John Paul II is shot and nearly killed by Mehmet Ali Ağca, a Turkish gunman.
- 1985 – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, police storm MOVE headquarters to end a stand-off, killing 11 MOVE members and destroying the homes of 250 city residents.
Births
- 1655 - Pope Innocent XIII (d. 1724)
- 1792 - Pope Pius IX, (d. 1878)
- 1930 – Mike Gravel, Former Democratic Senator of Alaska and 2008 Presidential Candidate
- 1931 - Jim Jones, American religious cult leader and founder of the Peoples Temple (d. 1978)
Deaths
- 1963 - Alois Hudal, bishop, helped German WWII officials escape through Italy. (b. 1885)
