Fascism

From Metapedia

Fascism is the name of the nationalist ideology and revolution movement that arose in Italy after the First World War. Benito Mussolini created the fascist movement by uniting the nationalist forces. Fascists seek to forge a type of national unity, usually based on (but not limited to) ethnic, cultural, racial, religious attributes.

Historically, there was a period where several countries and leaders openly accepted the label of "fascist" to describe their political systems, particularly in the 1930s and 1940s. Some of the governments and parties most often considered to have been fascist include Fascist Italy under Mussolini, National Socialist Germany under Adolf Hitler, Spain's Falange, Portugal's New State, Hungary's Arrow Cross Party, and Romania's Iron Guard. Some authors reject broad usage of the term or exclude certain of these parties and regimes.

Fascism attracted political support from diverse sectors of the population. In countries such as Romania and Hungary, fascism had a strong base of support among the working classes and extremely poor peasants. Other supporters have included representatives of big business, farmers, landowners, disaffected World War I veterans, small business owners, nationalists, disillusioned former socialists, reactionaries and extreme conservatives. Intellectuals who have supported fascism include: Giovanni Gentile (who ghostwrote the Doctrine of Fascism), Gabriele D'Annunzio, Curzio Malaparte, Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, Ezra Pound, Ernst Jünger, Carl Schmitt, Martin Heidegger, Knut Hamsun, Mircea Eliade and Julius Evola.