Rosa Luxemburg

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Rosa Luxemburg (March 5, 1870/71 – January 15, 1919) was a Polish Marxist theorist, socialist philosopher, and revolutionary for the Social Democratic Party of the Kingdom of Poland, the German SPD, and the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany.

She founded the The Red Flag (Die Rote Fahne) journal. After the SPD's supporting German participation in World War I, she co-founded, with Karl Liebknecht, the revolutionary Spartacist League (Ger: Spartakusbund) that later became the Communist Party of Germany. The Spartacist League participated in the unsuccessful Berlin revolution of January 1919. Luxemburg's propaganda supported the revolt, which was jointly crushed by the Freikorps (the monarchist army remnants and right-wing freelance militias collectively). Luxemburg and hundreds of left-wing revolutionaries were captured, tortured, and killed.

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