March 11

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MMIX

Events

• 1801 - Paul I of Russia is assassinated, leading the way for his son Alexander I to accede the throne.
• 1824 - The United States War Department creates the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
• 1861 - American Civil War: The Constitution of the Confederate States of America is adopted.
• 1918 - Spanish Flu, first observed at Fort Riley, Kansas
• 1941 - World War II: President Franklin D. Roosevelt signs the Lend-Lease Act into law, allowing American-built war supplies to be shipped to the Allies on loan.
• 1977 - The 1977 Hanafi Muslim Siege: more than 130 hostages held in Washington, D.C., by Hanafi Muslims are set free after ambassadors from three Islamic nations join negotiations.
• 1985 - Mikhail Gorbachev becomes Soviet leader.
• 1990 - Lithuania declares itself independent from the Soviet Union.
• 2004 - Madrid Train Bombings: Simultaneous explosions on rush hour trains in Madrid, Spain kill 191 people.

Births

• 1895 - Douglas Reed, British journalist and author (d. 1976)
• 1903 - Lawrence Welk, American musician (d. 1992)
• 1916 - Harold Wilson, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1995)
• 1926 - Reverend Ralph Abernathy, American civil rights leader (d. 1990)
• 1971 - Philo Farnsworth, American inventor (b. 1906)
• 1931 - Rupert Murdoch, Media mogul
• 1936 - Antonin Scalia, US Supreme Court Justice

Deaths

• 222 - Elagabalus, Roman Emperor
• 222 - Julia Soaemias, mother of Elagabalus (b. 180)
• 1847 - Johnny Appleseed, American pioneer agronomist (b. 1774)
• 1874 - Charles Sumner, American politician (b. 1811)
• 1898 - William Rosecrans, American Civil War Union general (b. 1819)
• 1957 - Admiral Richard E. Byrd, American explorer (b. 1888)
• 1971 - Philo T. Farnsworth, American television pioneer (b. 1906)
• 2006 - Slobodan Milošević, President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia (b. 1941)