January 3

From Metapedia

[edit] Events

• 1431 - Joan of Arc is handed over to the Bishop Pierre Cauchon.
• 1496 - Leonardo da Vinci unsuccessfully tests a flying machine.
• 1521 - Pope Leo X excommunicates Martin Luther in the papal bull Decet Romanum Pontificem.
• 1749 - Benning Wentworth issues the first of the New Hampshire Grants, leading to the establishment of Vermont.
• 1777 - American general George Washington defeats British general Charles Cornwallis at the Battle of Princeton.
• 1815 - Austria, Britain, and France form a secret defensive alliance treaty against Prussia and Russia.
• 1823 - Stephen F. Austin receives a grant of land in Texas from the government of Mexico.
• 1959 - Alaska is admitted as the 49th state of the U.S.

[edit] Births

• 106BC - Cicero, Roman statesman and philosopher (d. 43 BC)
• 1196 - Emperor Tsuchimikado of Japan (d. 1231)
• 1710 - Richard Gridley, American Revolutionary soldier (d. 1796)
• 1719 - Francisco José Freire, Portuguese historian (d. 1773)
• 1722 - Fredric Hasselquist, Swedish naturalist (d. 1752)
• 1760 - John Storm, American Revolutionary soldier (d. 1835)
• 1778 - Antoni Melchior Fijałkowski, Polish bishop (d. 1861)
• 1892 - J. R. R. Tolkien, British writer (d. 1973)
• 1898 - Carlos Keller, Chilean fascist politician (d. 1974)

[edit] Deaths

• 1098 - Walkelin, first Norman bishop of Winchester (b. unknown)
• 1322 - King Philip V of France (b. 1293)
• 1437 - Catherine of Valois, wife of Henry V of England (b. 1401)
• 1543 - Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo, Portuguese explorer (b. 1499)
• 1641 - Jeremiah Horrocks, English astronomer (b. 1618)
• 1656 - Mathieu Molé, French statesman (b. 1584)
• 1670 - George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle, English soldier (b. 1608)
• 1690 - Hillel ben Naphtali Zevi, Lithuanian rabbi (b. 1615)
• 1743 - Ferdinando Galli-Bibiena, Italian architect and designer (b. 1657)
• 1903 - Alois Hitler, father of Adolf Hitler (b. 1837)
• 1946 - William Joyce, Irish-American fascist (b. 1906)