August 8
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Events
- 1576 – The cornerstone for Tycho Brahe's Uraniborg observatory is laid on Hven.
- 1585 – John Davis enters Cumberland Sound in search of the Northwest Passage.
- 1588 – Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines – The naval engagement ends, ending the Spanish Armada's attempt to invade England.
- 1908 – Wilbur Wright makes his first flight at a racecourse at Le Mans, France. It is the Wright Brothers' first public flight.
- 1929 - The German airship Graf Zeppelin begins a round-the-world flight.
- 1942 – World War II: in Washington, DC, six German would-be saboteurs (Operation Pastorius) are executed.
- 1945 - World War II - The Soviet Union declares war on Japan and invades Manchuria.
- 1945 - The United Nations Charter is signed by the United States, which becomes the third nation to join.
- 1949 - Bhutan becomes independent.
- 1974 - Watergate scandal: U.S. President Richard Nixon announces his resignation, effective the next day.
- 1990 – Iraq occupies Kuwait and the state is annexed to Iraq. This would lead to the Gulf War shortly afterward.
- 2000 - Confederate submarine H.L. Hunley is raised to the surface after 136 years on the ocean floor.
Births
- 1879 - Emiliano Zapata, Mexican revolutionary (d. 1919)
- 1881 – Albert Kesselring, German field marshal (d. 1960)
- 1881 – Paul Ludwig Ewald von Kleist, German field marshal (d. 1954)
- 1908 - Arthur Goldberg, U.S. Supreme Court justice (d. 1980)
Deaths
- 1827 – George Canning, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1770)
- 1879 – Immanuel Hermann Fichte, German philosopher (b. 1797)
- 1944 – Erwin von Witzleben, German field marshal (b. 1881)
- 1944 – Michael Wittmann, German Tank ace and Knight's Cross holder, killed in action, Normandy. (b. 1914)
- 1969 – Otmar Freiherr von Verschuer, German eugenicist and physician (b. 1896)
- 1974 - Baldur von Schirach, leader of the Hitler Youth (b. 1907)
- 1991 – James Irwin, lunar astronaut (b. 1930)
